A Contrastive Study of Noun Formation in English and Igbo Languages

Description

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Abstract

This study focuses on analyzing and contrasting the processes of noun formation in both English and Igbo languages. The method of data analysis was contrastive, since this research is a contrastive study of noun formation in English and Igbo.

The various rules and processes of noun formation in both languages were identified and classified for the purpose of contrastive studies. In trying to find out the similarities and differences, English and Igbo noun formations were compared so as to postulate the degree of possible interference the Igbo learner will have in learning the English as a second language.

The researcher applied marching method of contrastive analysis. It was found that all noun-formation processes are generally rule governed, but these rules are sometimes very complicated and some processes overlap and interpenetrate each other.

General similarities appear in both languages, in borrowing, affixation and compounding. Both languages use prefixes and suffixes in noun-formation. Compounding in English is a very productive process, likewise in Igbo.

It was also found that unpredictable formations in English: clipping, acronyms, blending and word manufacture, are not found in Igbo except for clipping which is found in a few Igbo Christian names.

Introduction

Language is a dynamic phenomenon, which takes in new words and thus enables its users to extend its vocabulary. With respect to English, which is used not just as a mother tongue but as a second or foreign language in most parts of the world, new words keep making their ways into the language from time to time.

While many of these new words are borrowed from other languages, majority of them are formed.

According to Katamba (8) “Speakers of a language do not just commit to memory all the words they know, their competence includes the ability to manipulate rules in order to create new words and unscramble the meaning of novel or unfamiliar words they encounter”.

The term morphology is generally attributed to the German poet, novelist, playwright and philosopher, Johann Wolfang Von Goetha (1749- 1832), who coined it early in the nineteenth century in biological context.

Its etymology is Greek. ‘Morph’ means ‘shape’ or ‘form’ and morphology is the study of form or forms. In biology, morphology refers to the study of the form and structure of organisms; and in Geology, it refers to the study of the configuration and evolution of land forms.

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