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Assessement of Infant And Young Child Feeding Practices And Nutritional Status of Children (0-23 Months) In Funtua Local Government Area, Katsina State, Nigeria

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– Assessement of Infant And Young Child Feeding Practices And Nutritional Status of Children (0-23 Months) In Funtua Local Government Area, Katsina State, Nigeria –

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Abstract

Appropriate feeding practices are essential for the nutrition, growth, development and survival of infants and young children.

Assessment of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and nutritional status of children (0-23 months) in Funtua Local Government Area, Katsina State was carried out which incorporated qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques.

Data was obtained using pretested semistructured questionnaire with weight and length taken, in addition to their serum mineral status (Iron, Zinc, Copper and Calcium) using standard methods.

Results indicated that early initiation of breastfeeding was practiced by 82.4% whereas exclusive breastfeeding was very low (5.1%) and continued breastfeeding up to two years was practiced by 60.6% of the respondents in the study area.

Proportion of children that had minimum dietary diversity were low (5.3%) with minimum meal frequency of 38.8 and 5.3% for breastfed and non-breastfed children respectively, while Iron rich or iron fortified foods were consumed by 21.2% of the respondents and minimum acceptable diet for breastfed and non-breastfed was 4 and 8.3% respectively.

Nutritional status of the children indicates stunting (55.7%), wasting (25.3%) and underweight (49.1%) showed significant correlation with breastfeeding practices.

Serum minerals level of iron and zinc were low in 76% and 54% of the children respectively, as well as serum copper (69%) and calcium (60%). Haemoglobin and Packed Cell Volume were less than the recommended levels (≥11mgldL and ≥33% respectively).

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Nutritional status is the state of the body with respect to each nutrient, body size and overall condition (WHO, 2013). It is a powerful factor in promoting health, preventing and treating diseases (WHO, 2013).

Nutritional status affects immune response and response to medical therapies (Fieldman et al., 2010).

Globally, almost seven million children under the age of five die every year, and undernutrition directly or indirectly accounts for about 35% of all the deaths among these children (WHO, 2012).
The risk factors of malnutrition are multifaceted and complex, these include poverty, seasonal supply of food, gender inequality, poor infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, limited access to healthcare, unsafe drinking water and poor sanitation (WHO, 2012).

In Nigeria, an estimated 60% of all child deaths in the country are attributable to underlying malnutrition that results from poor infant and young child feeding and hygiene practices (FMOH, 2012).

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