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Assessment of Leather Quality Produced by Optimizing Liming and Increasing Reactivity of Tannins Obtained from Caesalpinia Coriaria And Parkia Clappertoniana

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Description

– Assessment of Leather Quality Produced by Optimizing Liming and Increasing Reactivity of Tannins Obtained from Caesalpinia Coriaria And Parkia Clappertoniana –

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Abstract

Tannin chemically stabilizes hides and skins against bacterial attack, transforming the raw material into leather. In the search for alternative sources of tanning materials, only a few of these materials have shown true value as commercial products in the vegetable tannin field.

The negative effect of trivalent chromium both to the tanners and the environment has increased the search for alternative tanning materials which could be eco-friendly.

Pods of Caesalpinia coriaria (DD) and husk of Parkia clappertoniana (PC) tannins were extracted using Procter apparatus and Soxhlet apparatus.

The crude extracts of both DD and PC were purified using gel permeation chromatography and modified using sodium bisulphite and pancreatic trypsin. The modified tannins were characterized using UV-VIS, FT-IR, TLC, sorptive capacity and binding ability.

The modified tannin and 16different tannin ratios of DD and PC were used in the tanning of goat skin. The result of the qualitative and quantitative assessment placed DD to be hydrolysable tannins with 47% pure tannins and PC to be condensed tannins with 42.33% pure tannins.

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Raw hides and skins are converted to leather in a process called tanning (Mahdi et al., 2009). Tanning chemically stabilizes hides and skins against bacterial attack and convert the raw material into leather (Leticia et al., 2015).

The conventional use of tannins as agents for converting animal hides and skin to leather is one manifestation of the most evident activity of the tannins, which is their ability to interact with and precipitate proteins, including the proteins found in animal skin.

There are two types of Tanning: mineral (Chromium) and vegetable tannings. Chromium is commonly used as mineral tanning agents (Commision, 2003).

One of the desirable qualities of chrome tanning over vegetable tanning is the high speed of protein fixation leading to the high shrinkage temperature of the resultant leather and an extra ordinary dyeing suitability.

Chrome tanning is the most widely used by the leather industry, because it makes leathers with excellent physical and organoleptic properties.

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