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Bacteriological Quality and Occurrence of Salmonella Species and Escherichia Coli o157:h7 in Roasted Rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) Meat

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Description

– Bacteriological Quality and Occurrence of Salmonella Species and Escherichia Coli o157:h7 in Roasted Rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) Meat –

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Abstract

Bacterial contamination of roasted ready-to-eat rat meat and occurrence of foodborne pathogens may be injurious to human health.

In Nigeria, the incidence and multidrug resistance of Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 in human cases is on the increase and these organisms have been found associated with meat and meat products in several studies.

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the bacteriological quality and occurrence of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in roasted ready-to-eat rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) meat sold in Zaria, Nigeria.

A total of 384 samples were examined from four purposively selected districts in the study area; Samaru, Basawa, Jushi and Sabon Gari. Total aerobic plate count was determined using spread plate technique and bacteria load determined.

Isolates were screened for Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella using the conventional biochemical characterization, standardized micro-substrate (Microgen GN-ID A+B) detection kit for Gram negative bacteria and further confirmed using Rapid latex agglutination test for E. coli O157:H7 and PCR for Salmonella.

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Meat refers to mostly skeletal muscles and associated fat but it may also refer to organs, including lungs, livers, skin, brains, bone marrow, kidneys, and a variety of other internal organs as well as blood. It is animal tissue used as food (Hammer, 1987).

The term “bush meat” stands for meat that has been sourced from wild animals for human consumption and could be consumed fresh, smoked, salted, or sun-dried (Gideon and Joseph, 2018).

Bush meat is central to the livelihood of many poor rural dwellers that consume and trade in it and the high demand in the urban regions means that the bush meat trade has become a lucrative business (ACET 2014; Gideon and Joseph, 2018).

Nearly 5 million tons of bush meats are being traded in Central and West Africa and in Nigeria about 25 percent of the population relies solely on resources of animal protein from bush meat (Wilkie and Carpenter, 1999; Fa et al., 2002; Gideon and Joseph, 2018).

Rodents are accepted as a popular source of protein and more than 71 genera and 89 species of hammerrodents, (mostly Hystricomorphs) have been consumed by man in the tropical world (Oyarekua and Ketiku, 2010).

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