Clay Ceramic Materials for Water Filtration: Properties, Processing and Performance

Description

– Clay Ceramic Materials for Water Filtration: Properties, Processing and Performance –

Download Clay Ceramic Materials for Water Filtration: Properties, Processing and Performance. Students who are writing their projects can get this material to aid their research work.

Abstract

Ceramic water filters are promising household water treatment technology, as they are capable of removing waterborne pathogens and thereby reducing diarrheal disease. Flow rates are the main quality control criterion for manufacturing, and multiple theoretical flow rate models have been published.

This dissertation presents the results of combined experimental and theoretical studies of flow rate variation in ceramic water filters in frustumand disk-shaped ceramic water filters. Also investigated is how clay mixtures/plasticity affects the strength of the ceramic water filters.

Furthermore, residual strengths of filter specimens that had undergone cold-shocking at temperatures 750, 850 and 950 are presented and trends explained via bridging models. Firstly, in this dissertation six frustum-shaped ceramic water filters of the same clay: sawdust composition was tested.

Each ceramic water filter was filled with water and allowed to filter 20 times. Each time, the flow rate and water level are measured for consecutive 12 hours. Permeability values are estimated for each run of the ceramic water filters.

Statistical analysis was performed on flow rates (in the first hour), mean flow rates and estimated permeability values. The flow rate values (in the first hour) for the six ceramic water filters were found to be between 1.4 – 3.0 L/hr.

An effective permeability was obtained for ceramic water filters with a range of micro- and nano-scale pore sizes. The statistical variations in the flow rates and effective permeabilities were elucidated along with the potency of a multiple ceramic water filter system for scale-up studies in serving communities that need portable water. 

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

It is estimated that 1.8 million deaths per year and 61.9 million disability adjusted life-years are attributed to the drinking of unsafe water and poor sanitation. The World Health Organization (WHO) also suggests that over 99.8% of the deaths are caused by unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene in developing countries.

Furthermore, in developing countries most of the childhood mortality occurs in children that are less than five years old. Many of those who have access to such improved drinking water sources have contamination issues and usually require further treatment at the point of use.

This information is confirmed in recent global joint monitoring 2014 report of WHO/UNICEF on progress made on sanitation and drinking water. The global Millennium Development Goals (MDG) target for number of people to improved water sources has been achieved.

The target for sanitation, however, was not attained and this may be a predominant force in contaminating the improved water sources. Governments, non-governmental organizations, and researchers have been instrumental in achieving the MDG for improved water sources.

It is undisputable fact that inculcating household water treatment systems (HWTS); such as ceramic water filters (CWF) which has high performance were paramount. 

The important criteria often used in selecting high performance HWTS include: ability to remove pathogens, removal chemical contaminants (such as fluoride and arsenic), flow rate, etc.

Other factors to be considered are maintenance cost; purchasing cost; user-friendliness with little or no training; reasonable amount of water to be discharged within reasonable amount of time (flow rate); socially accepted and culturally accepted in the user environment. 

How to Download this Project Material

First, note that we are one of the best and most reliable online platforms because we don’t retain any of your personal information or data as regards making payments online.

PRICE: ₦3,500 ₦3,000  (Three Thousand Naira Only)

Make a bank deposit or mobile transfer of ₦2,000 only to the account given below;

---

Bank Name: UBA Account Number: 1022564031 Account Name: TMLT PRO SERVICES

---

After making the payment, CLICK HERE to send the following on WhatsApp;

• Depositor’s Name or Screenshot of Payment
• Name of the Past Question
• Active Email Address

---

or Call Us On +2348082284439 Once your details have been received and your payment confirmed by us, you will receive the past question in your email or WhatsApp within 5 Minutes.

Guarantee of Getting the Material 

We understand that due to the high rate of fraud, many people are afraid of making purchases online but be rest assured that PastExamQuestions will deliver your material after payment.

Once your details have been received and your payment confirmed by us, you will receive the past question in your email or WhatsApp.

Give us Feedback

Have we been able to satisfy you? How well do you think the material will be helpful after having gone through it? Does the price worth the material?

Let’s hear from you! We recommend that our customers give feedback at the end of every transaction to enable us to serve better. You can do this by clicking the review button on this page.

Where is the review button? >> Just scroll up to where you see reviews