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Effect Of Alcohol Consumption On Some Hepatic Functions Of Albino Rats

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– Effect Of Alcohol Consumption On Some Hepatic Functions Of Albino Rats –

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Abstract

The effect of alcohol on some hepatic parameters of albino rats was investigated, after a period of 7 days. The experimental animals were divided into four groups. All the groups received feed and water .

In addition to this, group II received 25ml of alcohol/kg body weight once daily, group III received 50ml of alcohol/kg body weight once daily while group IV received 75ml of alcohol/kg body weight once daily also.

The alcohol was given by oral compulsion. Blood samples were collected from the rats after the 7th day by cardiac puncture.

The blood was allowed to clot, centrifuged and serum collected for analysis. Some hepatic parameters(ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin and unconjuated bilirubin) were analysed. The result gotten was calculated using statistical package for social sciences(SPSS).

From the results, it was observed that there were significant increase in most liver parameters in both group III and IV(P<0.05) when compared to control but no significant different in group II when compared to control(as shown in the tables in chapter 4).

This indicates that the increase in doses of alcohol could be detrimental to the liver particularly in high doses.

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

In chemistry, an alcohol is an organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is bound to a carbon atom. In particular, this carbon center should be saturated, having single bonds to three other atoms (Nic et al., 2006).

Alcohols are neutral colourless and a water miscible organic solvent and it distributes itself throughout the body. This means that the concentration within tissues will be similar to that in the blood.

Alcohol (ethanol) is consumed widely in the form of beer, wines and spirit. Excessive alcohol consumption with its associated consequences is a leading cause of economic, social and medical problems throughout the world.

Besides the short term effects most pathophysiological consequences of ethanol abuse are associated with chronic consumption over a long period.

Alcohol is consumed by about 70 % of U.S. adults (Breslow et al.,2008). Consumption of this dietary component has both risks and benefits. Low to moderate doses of alcohol lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality(USDA, 2010).

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 and American Heart Association’s dietary guidelines suggest that if alcohol is consumed, males consume no more than two alcoholic drinks per/day (28 g/day) and women no more than one per/day (14 g/day) (Lichtenstein et al., 2006).

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