Effects of Aqueous Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Mucuna Pruriens and Chromolaena Odorata on Isolated Uterine Smooth Muscle of Albino Rats

– Effects of Aqueous Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Mucuna Pruriens and Chromolaena Odorata on Isolated Uterine Smooth Muscle of Albino Rats –

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Abstract

The contractile activity of M. pruriens and the relaxatory property of C. odorata was investigated using in vitro methods in rat. M. pruriens caused a dose -dependent increase in uterine muscle contraction with a maximum peak in amplitude with 0.57 mg/ml of the extract, and an EC50 of 2.7 mg/ml.

The contraction was unaffected by atropine sulphate (0.042 μmol) but abolished by isoprenaline (0.06-0.23 μmol), salbutamol (0.012-0.4 μmol) and adrenaline (16 nmol). Uterine muscle contractions were enhanced by propranolol (1 μmol) in a dose- dependent manner.

Prazosin (0.069-0.14 μmol) and atipamezole (3.3-13.7nmol) were not able to abolish contractions stimulated by the extract however, 0.2 μmol of cyproheptadine caused 86% abolition of the extract –induced uterine contraction.

The mechanism of Ca2+ mobilization in uterine muscle cells by M. pruriens isolated was also investigated in the rat. Uterine muscle contractions were significantly attenuated (100%; P <0.01) in Ca2+-free physiological salt solution and in solutions containing verapamil (0.007-0.14 mmol).

Contractions stimulated by M.pruriens were unaffected by amiloride (1.1-2.1μmol) in Ca2+-containing media.

Introduction

Man and animals live in equilibrium with the plants surrounding them, using these plants as sources of food and as medicine intuitively or through years of trials and error (Olowokudejo et al.,2008).

The use of plants as medicine to cure or prevent illness and to lubricate the wheels of social interaction at the interpersonal and group level is a behaviour that predates civilization, and in today’s civilisation it is found in every society irrespective of its level of development and sophistication (Odugbemi and Akinsulire, 2006).

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