Effects of Various Phytohormones on Growth and Productivity of Chlorella Sorokinia and Spirulina Platensis

Description

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Abstract

The effects of indoleacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, gibberellic acid and kinetin on growth and biomass productivity of Chlorella sorokiniana and  Spirulina  platensis  were investigated.

The optimum concentration of the phytohormones for Chlorella sorokiniana cell enlargement was 20ppm for GA₃, Kinetin, IAA, and IBA.

At this concentration, the Chlorella cell sizes were 81.07µm, 78.67μm,  78  .07μm  and 66.90μm respectively. The  effectiveness of the phytohormones  in increasing the  size of the cells can be ranked as GA₃ > kinetin > IAA > IBA.

Treatment with IAA at concentration of 10ppm had the highest effect on Chlorella sorokiniana cell number with a value of 7.94x 10⁹ cells/ml, followed by IBA at 15ppm with a value of 4.36  x 10⁹ cells/ml. GA₃ and kinetin had no significant effects (P< 0.05) on cell number.

The effects of the phytohormones on dry cell weight of the two microalgae  species  followed the same trend as the cell number with 10ppm of IAA  giving the  highest value of 4.825g/l in Chlorella sorokiniana and 1.10g/l in Spirulina platensis.

Introduction

There are numerous applications for microalgae and microalgal derived valued- added products, including, pharmaceuticals, biomedicals, diagnostics, cosmetics, aquaculture, food and animal feeds (Borowitzka, 1997).

With increasing interest in environmental policy, global oil price increase and climate change, the potential for microalgal biofuel production is also of commercial  and  environmental  interest (Butler, N., 2006).

In view of this, judicious exploitation of microalgal cultivation biotechnology for enhanced biomass productivity to meet up with the demand for provision of nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and environmental benefits is technically and economically viable and imperative.

In recent years, metabolic engineering and application of synthetic biology to potentially enhance living systems especially microbes for use in medicine, agriculture, industry and bioremediation have gained considerable attention.

Genetic manipulation which invariably leads to inheritable changes in a species might bring about adverse developmental changes in  the ecosystem when used for environmental and agricultural applications (Hunt et al., 2009).

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