Epidemiological Studies Of Canine Rabies In Wukari Metropolis, Taraba State, Nigeria.

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Download Epidemiological Studies Of Canine Rabies In Wukari Metropolis, Taraba State, Nigeria. Medical and Health Sciences students who are writing their projects can get this material to aid their research work.

Abstract

Canine rabies is endemic and occurs throughout the year in all parts of Nigeria. A descriptive cross sectional study was designed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of dog owners towards rabies,

to check for the presence of rabies antigens in brain tissue of dogs slaughtered for human consumption and to assess rabies vaccination coverage of dogs in Wukari.

Structured questionnaires were prepared and administered to 200 dog owners by face to face interview. The questionnaire sought information on demographic characteristics of the dog owners, their association with dogs, knowledge, attitude and practice of dog owners towards rabies.

Associations between demographic variables and knowledge, attitude or practice scores were assessed using χ2 analysis.

Also, 188 brain samples from slaughtered dogs were analysed for presence of rabies antigen using direct fluorescent antibody test. Record files and vaccination certificates of dogs presented to the State Veterinary Hospital Wukari were assessed for antirabies vaccination coverage.

Introduction

Rabies is a viral zoonotic disease of all warm blooded animals, which is worldwide in distribution and causes acute encephalitis. It is also known as hydrophobia and is caused by a neutrophilic bullet-shaped, enveloped RNA virus, of the genus Lyssavirus and the family Rhabdoviridae.

The disease is transmissible to all mammals (WHO 2006). Rabies originated about 3000BC and is one of the most typical zoonoses that have been well known since ancient times (Takayama, 2005).

The disease is endemic in developing countries including Nigeria and other parts of sub-Saharan Africa and Asia (Harry et al., 1984; WHO, 2005).

It is characterized by acute progressive encephalitis, hydrophobia, excitability and hypersalivation. This disease occurs in more than 150 countries and territories and about 55, 000 people die of rabies every year, mostly in Africa, Asia, and South America (Beard, 2001; WHO, 2010).

Forty percent of people who are bitten by suspected rabid animals are children under 15 years of age and dogs are the source of 99% of human rabies deaths (WHO, 2010).

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