Molecular Epidemiology, Risk Factors And Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonellae In Commercial Layer Farms In Six Selected States In Nigeria

Description

– Molecular Epidemiology, Risk Factors And Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonellae In Commercial Layer Farms In Six Selected States In Nigeria –

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Abstract

Poultry salmonellosis remains a major constraint to poultry production in all parts of Nigeria with farmers still experiencing great losses caused by Salmonella infection despite huge amounts of resources expended on vaccination and medication.

Relatively few African countries report surveillance data on Salmonella and as such, very limited information is available on Salmonella isolation for this continent.

A cross sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence, risk factors and the circulating Salmonella serovars in commercial layer farms in Nigeria.

The study also identified the different antibiotic resistance patterns seen in the Salmonella species and assessed the mechanisms of their resistance and determined the degree of relatedness within the different serovars isolated.

In all, 358 farms were visited in the six selected States (Imo, Edo, Ogun, Kaduna, Plateau and Bauchi) and 1790 samples comprising of litter, dust, faeces, feed and water were collected and tested for Salmonella according to ISO6579:2002; Annex D protocol.

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Nigeria is the largest country in sub-Saharan Africa with an estimated population of174.5 million people in 2013 and a population growth rate estimated at three per centannually.

The estimated gross domestic product (GDP) in 2012 was $450.5 billion, ranking the country 31st globally and agriculture accounts for over 38% of non-oil foreign earnings and 70% of the labour force (FAO, 2006a).

The poultry industry in Nigeria is rapidly expanding despite being faced with many problems such as avian influenza, global financial crisis and inadequate credit (FAO, 2008). Nigerian poultry industry increased from 150,700 million birds in 2005 to 192,313 million birds in 2010(FAO, 2015).

Across the different regions of the country, the poultry sector ischaracterized by a low level of production, specialization and generally with biosecuritymeasures at a very weak level (FAO, 2008).

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