Studies on the Occurrence of Beta-Lactamases in Members of the Genera Salmonella and Shigella Isolated from Various Hospitals in Anyigba, Kogi State

Description

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Abstract

Salmonella and Shigella species isolated from human faecal samples were examined for Beta-lactamase production and resistance to some antibiotic agents.

Age distribution of sources of resistant isolates showed that Shigella isolates from Youths (18 – 30 years) were more resistant to Ampicillin (66.67%) and Augmentin (33.33%) than isolates from Infants (6 months – 4 years) which showed percentage resistance of 3% to Ampicillin and 0% to Augmentin.

Salmonella species isolated from Adults (31 – above) were more resistant to Augmentin (45%) and Ampicillin (40%), than isolates from Youths (18- 31 years) which showed percentage resistance of 40% to Ampicillin and 36.67% to
Augmentin.

Salmonella isolated from Infants (6 months – 4 years) showed percentage resistance of 28.57% to Ampicillin and 14.29% to Augmentin while isolates from Children (5 – 17 years) showed percentage resistance of 25% to Ampicillin and 12.5% to Augmentin.

Sex distribution of sources of resistant isolates showed that Shigella species isolated from males were more resistant to Ampicillin (100%) while isolates from Females were more resistant to Augmentin (50%).

Introduction

In human medicine, the most important family of bacteria is Enterobacteriaceae, which includes genera and species that cause well-defined diseases, as well as nosocomial infections.

The members of this family are Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming facultative anaerobes that ferment glucose and other sugars, reduce nitrate to nitrite, and produce catalase but seldom oxidase.

Most Enterobacteriaceae are components of the gastrointestinal flora of humans and animals, although many are also widespread in the environment.

Furthermore, these bacteria can cause many different infections, such as septicaemia, urinary tract infections, pneumonia, cholecystitis, cholangitis, peritonitis, wound infections, meningitis, and gastroenteritis, and they can give rise to sporadic infections or outbreaks (Donnenberg, 2009).

Salmonella and Shigella infections represent a major health problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries where they are recognized as the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality (David and Frank, 2000, Mahbubur et al., 2007; Abdel et al., 2008).

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