Comparative Evaluation of Antibody Production In Broilers Vaccinated With Newcastle Disease Vaccines In Kano Metropolis, Nigeria

Description

– Comparative Evaluation of Antibody Production In Broilers Vaccinated With Newcastle Disease Vaccines In Kano Metropolis, Nigeria –

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Abstract

The incidence of Newcastle disease (ND) in Nigeria is high and is a persistent cause of mortality and (or) morbidity among vaccinated chickens causing huge economic losses.

This study was carried out to evaluate the persistence of maternally derived antibody (MDA) against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), thermo-stability of the test vaccines, comparative analysis of humoral immune response against four La Sota NDV vaccines as well as the effect of time with respect to vaccination schedule.

In study group I; four experimental groups A, B, C and D each which consisted of 10 birds were vaccinated with corresponding vaccines on day 14 (primer) and 28(booster) and group E of 10 birds was maintained as unvaccinated control.

Serum samples collected from five randomly selected birds among the vaccinated groups on day 17, 21, 24, 28and 35 and from the unvaccinated group E on day 1, 3, 10, 14, 24, 28 and 35 were subjected to haemaglutination inhibition (HI) titre test.

Study group II; two experimental groups i and ii consisted of 10 birds each primed on day 14 and boosted on day 35 with vaccines A and B. Serum samples were obtained on day 17, 21, 28 35 and 42 and HI titre measured.

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Newcastle Disease (ND) is a viral disease of poultry. Mayo (2002) described the causative agent; Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) as a member of the genus Avulavirus. It can present as a super acute, acute and sometimes sub-clinical contagious disease of poultry (Health et al., 1991).

Newcastle Disease infection takes place through direct contact with secretions of infected birds;principally via ingestion (feacal/oral route) and inhalation; fomites (feed, water, implements, sacks among others);

hatching chicks may be infected through eggs for some ND virus strain but there is no clear evidence of the role of flies in mechanical transmission of the infective ND virus(Anon, 2013).

Three major panzootics of ND have been recorded and it is present in all continents except Antarctica (Alexander, 2003). Spradbrow (1999) described Epizootic and Enzootic ND in village chickens as non-self-limiting event that can smolder for several months and even years in atypical village housing one or two thousand birds.

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