Effects of Indiscriminate Bush Burning on Forest Reserve

Description

– Effects of Indiscriminate Bush Burning on Forest Reserve –

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Abstract

Forests are important plant communities that consist of trees and other woody vegetation that performs life supporting functions on earth.

This study examine the effect of indiscriminate bush burning on forests reserves in Nigeria, Africa’s most populous nation.

Bush burning has been a detriment to the environment and health of mankind. It involves the production of air pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, ozone and other oxidants.

The study adopt the survey research design. The study concludes that bush burning is one of the challenging ‘man versus environment’ conflicts.

Burning is embedded in the cultural values and traditional farming systems of some people.

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Bush burning has been practiced in many parts of the world and has been accepted as an integral part of the traditional farming system (Hough, 2013).It is a commonly applied management tool in forest ecosystems worldwide (Turner et al., 2014).

Fire is used for hunting, clearing of land for agriculture, maintaining grass lands, controlling pests and removing dry vegetation and crop residues to promote agricultural productivity (Hough, 2013). Bush fire is a part of the natural ecology in a number of countries (Liu et al., 2011).

In managing grasslands, farmers often introduce burning to remove moribund and unpalatable grasses from previous growing season, to stimulate the re-growth of fresh herbage with higher nutrient content (Tainton and Mentis, 2014; Snyman, 2013).

Burning is also believed to rid the grassland of parasitic insects and to prevent the encroachment of undesirable invasive species (Auid and Denham, 2016). However, Frequent and uncontrolled bush burning has become a major problem in most parts of the world today especially in the forest zones of developing countries (Hough 2013).

Bush burning has contributed to deforestation with its attendant problems. Frequent bush burning is generally considered to have negative effects on biodiversity (Tramor and Woinarski, 2014, Bradstock et al. 2017 and Egunjobi 2011). Fire has been listed as a major threatening process for biodiversity (Robinson et al 2013).

Frequent burning of bush has generally considered having negative effects on biodiversity (Trainor and Woinarski, 2014; Bradstock et al., 2017). Pyke et al. (2010) reported that fire can change plant communities by reducing dominance of some plants while enhancing the dominance of others.

According to report by Paltridge and Latz (2009), as fire sensitive species are killed by fire, they are replaced by a more fire tolerant plants.

A fire incident followed by a heavy rains six weeks later in Australia, was reported to have resulted in a mass of flowering annuals and seedlings shortly afterwards, and nearly a year later, species were recorded in the burnt area, of which were new to the site, whereas the unburnt area showed no such effects (Gill, 2016). 

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