Effects of Sawah Water Management Systems on Soil Properties and Rice Grain Yield in Ebonyi State Southeastern Nigeria

Description

Download Effects of Sawah Water Management Systems on Soil Properties and Rice Grain Yield in Ebonyi State Southeastern Nigeria. Soil Science students who are writing their projects can get this material to aid their research work.

Abstract

In an attempt to replicate the successful Japanese Satoyama watershed management model in the African agro-ecosystems, sawah rice cultivation technology has been introduced to West Africa in the last two decades.

This study was conducted in inland valley at two different locations (Akaeze and Ikwo), to evaluate the effects of sawah water management systems on soil properties and rice grain yield.

A split-split-plot in a randomized complete block design was used to evaluate these three factors (sawah types, growing environments and soil amendments) as they affect the soil properties of these two locations and the grain yield of rice as a test crop.

Three sawah types and four rice growing environments were used in each of the two locations and they included; rain-fed sawah, spring type and pump type.

The rice growing environments are; complete sawah- bunded, puddled and leveled rice field (CS); farmers environment- no bunding and leveling rice field (FE); incomplete sawah- bundding with minimum leveling and puddling rice field (ICS) and partial sawah- after bunding, no puddling and leveling rice field (PS).

Introduction

Increasing rice production both to meet the country’s food requirements and to help the world overcome food crisis is one major issue facing Nigeria today. Nigeria is now one of the largest food importers in the world. In 2010 alone, Nigeria spent 356 billion naira on importation of rice.

Nigeria is eating beyond its means. While we all smile as we eat rice every day, Nigerian rice farmers cry as the importations undermine domestic production (Adesina, 2012).

Given the size and value of the imports, there is considerable political interest in reducing rice imports.The Nigerian government has the objective of self-sufficiency in rice high on the agenda – witness the previous import ban, the stated goals of the Presidential Committee on rice and the current effective duty on imported rice.

Rice is unique among the major food crops in its ability to grow in a wide range of hydrological situations, soil types, and climates.

Rice is the only cereal that can grow in wetland conditions. Depending on the hydrology of where rice is grown, the rice environment can be classified into irrigated lowland rice, rained lowland rice, floodprone rice, and upland rice (Maclean et al 2002 and Bauman et al., 2007a).

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