Gender and Environmental Degradation in Agrarian Communities

Description

– Gender and Environmental Degradation in Agrarian Communities –

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Abstract

Changes in gender roles and relations and environment are intricately related. The rapid increase in human population brings about massive exploitation of natural resources which in turn leads to observable effects like poor crop yield from degrading lands, water pollution, and extinction of forests.

This is, therefore, a study of the effects of environmental degradation in agrarian communities and changing gender roles and relations. Both qualitative and quantitative instruments were used to obtain data used for detailed descriptive and sex-disaggregated analysis.

Survey method was used to collect quantitative data from 129 respondents, while 24 focus groups discussion, 3 key informant interviews and 6 semi-structured interviews were used to collect qualitative data.

Data generated were analyzed with descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage, and pie chart) cross-tabulation and Chi-square analysis using SPSS version 19.

Issues raised in the study include determination of the people’s recognition of the extent and rate of degradation of land, water and forest resources, the effects it has on them and their gender roles as well as the means of coping with the problems.

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

There are several environmental problems in the world today mainly caused by non-sustainable use of natural resources by human beings. The unprecedented rapid increase in human population equally means unprecedented massive exploitation of natural resources.

The effects are seen in the degradation of land, soil erosion, desertification, disappearance of forests, water pollution and the extinction of various types of plants and wildlife. There had been a growing concern that environmental degradation has a wide range effect on social behaviour and thinking of both men and women.

It is also apparent that there is a close relationship between environmental problem and the economy and overall developmental efforts. Earlier, the depletion of environmental resources was perceived mainly as problem for women in isolation of men.

As knowledge about ways in which women participate in solving environmental problems increase, it becomes necessary to use the tools of gender analysis to re-evaluate the problems of environmental degradation. Gender has been used to explain many key issues which would otherwise not been understood using other approaches.

It is a systematic effort to document and understand the role of men and women within a given cultural context such as, division of labour, access to and control over resources and benefits, social, economic and environmental factors that influence both division of labour and access to resources.

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