Comparison between Calculated and Measured Entrance Skin Dose of Common Radiographic Procedures in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi

Description

– Comparison between Calculated and Measured Entrance Skin Dose of Common Radiographic Procedures in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi –

Download Comparison between Calculated and Measured Entrance Skin Dose of Common Radiographic Procedures in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi. Physics and Astronomy students who are writing their projects can get this material to aid their research work.

Abstract

The Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) for common radiographic examinations of forty (40) patients was measured prospectively at the Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi using lif thermo-luminescent dosimeter (TLD) chips.

The examination comprised ten  (10) the patient’s each of the chest, abdomen, pelvic, and lumbar-sacral regions. The mean esds obtained by lif TLD for Chest  X-ray (PA),  Plain Abdomen, Lumbar Spine (AP) and  Pelvic (AP) were 0.50 mgy, 0.20 mgy, 0.80 mgy, 0.70 mgy respectively.

The mean esds determined by mathematical formulae of Edwin and mccoullough (1970), Edmonds (1984), Arun Kumar  et al. (1991), Chougule and Hussain (1993) and Pratik Kumar et al. (1996) for Chest X-ray were 0.50 mgy, 0.80 mgy, 0.30 mgy, 0.30 mgy and 0.60 respectively.

Introduction

Life on earth has developed with ever-present background radiation. It is not a new thing invented by the wit of man; radiation has always been there (Hall, 2012). Radiation is a  fact of life. It is all around us all the time, hence, we live in a naturally radioactive world.

Radiation could be defined as the energy that travels through space or matter in form of electromagnetic waves or photons or streams of radioactive particles (IAEA, 2005;  Bushberg  et al., 2002). Radiation can either be non-ionizing or ionizing, depending on  its ability to  ionize matter.

Non-ionizing radiation does not produce ionization or ions in the medium through which it passes. It has enough energy to move atoms in a molecule around or cause them to vibrate, but not enough to remove them. Examples of non-ionizing radiation include visible ray, infrared rays among others.

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