Distribution of Metal Contaminants in Azare Groundwater System

Description

– Distribution of Metal Contaminants in Azare Groundwater System –

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Abstract

The distribution of metal contaminants in the Azare groundwater system was investigated in this study. Concentrations of total and soluble forms of K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, and Cd were determined in randomly selected twenty boreholes and twenty hand-dug wells within Azare town using flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy.

Findings revealed that, the mean total concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb and Cd in borehole waters were 0.3233±0.2455mg/L, 0.5433±0.1762mg/L, 0.3178±0.1641mg/L, 0.2386± 0.1361mg/L, 0.3260 ± 0.3187mg/L, 0.1879± 0.1082mg/L, 0.1234 ±0.1480mg/L, and 0.0049 ± 0.0037mg/L respectively

while the mean total concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb and Cd in well waters were 0.8790±90.6823mg/L,1.1923±1.1337mg/L,0.9543±1.0186mg/L,0.0953±0.1083mg/L,0.1890±0.0791mg/L,    0.1645±0.1238mg/L,0.0965± 0.0491mg/L, and 0.0041±0.0034mg/L respectively.

Introduction

Azare is the headquarter of Katagum local government area in the Bauchi state of Nigeria. It has a population of over one hundred and fifty thousand according to the 1991 population census (Shehu, 2000).

Azare is often regarded as the second most developed city in the state, in terms of the provision of social amenities.However, majority of the people in Azare, according to Alabi (2005), still depend on groundwater (bore-holes and wells) for drinking and other domestic purposes.

It is an age-long belief among the people that groundwater is pure and safe for drinking but recent discoveries have shown that like surface water, groundwater is also vulnerable to contamination from a variety of sources (Texas Environmental Profiles, 2003).

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