The Determination of K0 – Values of some Discrepant Nuclides using Standard Reference Materials with Nirr-1 Facilities

Description

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Abstract

The k0 –values of the following nuclides (Ca-49, Ba-131, Cd-115, In-116m, Cd-116m2, Co-60, Cs-134, Ir-192, Hg-197, Se-75, Gd-153, Gd-159, Pd-109, Ag-110m, Tm-170, Re-186, Sm-153, S-36, U-239) suspected to have discrepant k0 –values were determined using Certified Reference Materials, (SMELS I, III and NIST 1633b Coal fly Ash).

The result 1.10E-4 for 49Ca at 3084keV, 1.95E-5, 3.43E-6, 6.45E-5 for 131Ba at the energy of 373, 486, and 496keV 4.70E-4 for 115Cd at 528keV; 1.66E-1 for 153Sm at 103keV; 6.88E-3, 1.38E-3 for 75Se at 136 and 401.73keV respectively; 7.27E-1, 1.54E+0, 2.28E+0 for 116mIn at 418.9, 1097 and 1293keV respectively

The student t-test which is the statistical analysis was used to compare the result of this work with the recommended data. The result of the comparison at 5% confidences intervals showed no significance difference which reveals the accuracy of the k0- standardisation adopted in Nigeria Research Reactor -1 (NIRR-1). 

Introduction

The interest in the role of trace, minor, and major elements in biology, environmental research, geology, and technology (to ensure safety) for the socio-economic development of several countries has led to an increasing need for multi element analysis on a large number of samples.

Various standardization methods have been used in neutron activation analysis (NAA), namely: Absolute, Relative or Single comparator.

In the absolute standardization, the physical parameters characterizing an element were determined by independent methods, their imprecision’ would add up when calculating the amounts of elements (Dung and Hien; 2003) leading to large systematic errors.

In the relative standardization, the unknown sample is irradiated together with a standard or reference material containing a known amount of the element of interest.

The standard reference material is measured under the same counting condition as the sample. This standardization method is still being regarded as one of the methods which has the highest accuracy of NAA (Dung and Hien; 2003).

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